# 第七模块 DRF (实战案例)

# 1. 需求

请结合上述学习的drf知识开发简易版《抽屉新热榜》。其中包含的功能如下：

输入：手机号、用户名、密码、确认密码。

输入：手机号 或 用户名  + 密码

注意：登录成功后给用户返回token，后续请求需要在url中携带token（有效期2周）

我的话题

- 我的话题列表
- 创建话题
- 修改话题
- 删除话题（逻辑删除）

我的资讯

- 创建资讯（5分钟创建一个，需要根据用户限流）    问题1：5/h   2/m； 问题2：成功后，下次再创建；
	- 文本（你问我答、42区、挨踢1024、段子）
	- 图片（图片、你问我答、42区、挨踢1024、段子）
	- 连接（图片、你问我答、42区、挨踢1024、段子）
	注意：创建时默认自己做1个推荐。
- 我的资讯列表

首页

- 资讯首页
	- 时间倒序，读取已审核通过的资讯
	- 加载更多，分页处理
	- 支持传入参数，查询各分区资讯：图片、你问我答、42区、挨踢1024、段子   ?zone=2

# 2. 参考表结构

表结构参考：

from django.db import models


class DeletedModel(models.Model):
    deleted = models.BooleanField(verbose_name="已删除", default=False)

    class Meta:
        abstract = True


class UserInfo(DeletedModel):
    """ 用户表 """
    username = models.CharField(verbose_name="用户名", max_length=32)
    phone = models.CharField(verbose_name="手机号", max_length=32, db_index=True)
    password = models.CharField(verbose_name="密码", max_length=64)

    token = models.CharField(verbose_name="token", max_length=64, null=True, blank=True, db_index=True)
    token_expiry_date = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name="token有效期", null=True, blank=True)

    status_choice = (
        (1, "激活"),
        (2, "禁用"),
    )
    status = models.IntegerField(verbose_name="状态", choices=status_choice, default=1)
    create_datetime = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name="创建时间", auto_now_add=True)

    class Meta:
        # The newer indexes option provides more functionality than index_together
        # index_together may be deprecated in the future.
        # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/ref/models/options/#index-together
        indexes = [
            models.Index(fields=['username', "password"], name='idx_name_pwd')
        ]


class Topic(DeletedModel):
    """ 话题 """
    title = models.CharField(verbose_name="话题", max_length=16, db_index=True)

    is_hot = models.BooleanField(verbose_name="热门话题", default=False)
    user = models.ForeignKey(verbose_name="用户", to="UserInfo", on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    create_datetime = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name="创建时间", auto_now_add=True)


class News(DeletedModel):
    """ 新闻资讯 """
    zone_choices = ((1, "42区"), (2, "段子"), (3, "图片"), (4, "挨踢1024"), (5, "你问我答"))
    zone = models.IntegerField(verbose_name="专区", choices=zone_choices)

    title = models.CharField(verbose_name="文字", max_length=150)
    url = models.CharField(verbose_name="链接", max_length=200, null=True, blank=True)

    # xxxxx?xxxxxx.png,xxxxxxxx.jeg
    image = models.TextField(verbose_name="图片地址", help_text="逗号分割", null=True, blank=True)

    topic = models.ForeignKey(verbose_name="话题", to="Topic", on_delete=models.CASCADE, null=True, blank=True)
    user = models.ForeignKey(verbose_name="用户", to="UserInfo", on_delete=models.CASCADE)

    create_datetime = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name="创建时间", auto_now_add=True)
    status_choice = (
        (1, "待审核"),
        (2, "已通过"),
        (3, "未通过"),
    )
    status = models.IntegerField(verbose_name="状态", choices=status_choice, default=1)

    collect_count = models.IntegerField(verbose_name="收藏数", default=0)
    recommend_count = models.IntegerField(verbose_name="推荐数", default=0)
    comment_count = models.IntegerField(verbose_name="评论数", default=0)


class Collect(models.Model):
    """ 收藏 """
    news = models.ForeignKey(verbose_name="资讯", to="News", on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    user = models.ForeignKey(verbose_name="用户", to="UserInfo", on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    create_datetime = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name="创建时间", auto_now_add=True)

    class Meta:
        # unique_together = [['news', 'user']]
        constraints = [
            models.UniqueConstraint(fields=['news', 'user'], name='uni_collect_news_user')
        ]


class Recommend(models.Model):
    """ 推荐 """
    news = models.ForeignKey(verbose_name="资讯", to="News", on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    user = models.ForeignKey(verbose_name="用户", to="UserInfo", on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    create_datetime = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name="创建时间", auto_now_add=True)

    class Meta:
        constraints = [
            models.UniqueConstraint(fields=['news', 'user'], name='uni_recommend_news_user')
        ]


class Comment(models.Model):
    """ 评论表 """
    news = models.ForeignKey(verbose_name="资讯", to="News", on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    user = models.ForeignKey(verbose_name="用户", to="UserInfo", on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    content = models.CharField(verbose_name="内容", max_length=150)

    depth = models.IntegerField(verbose_name="深度", default=0)

    root = models.ForeignKey(verbose_name="根评论", to="Comment", related_name="descendant", on_delete=models.CASCADE,
                             null=True, blank=True)

    reply = models.ForeignKey(verbose_name="回复", to="Comment", related_name="reply_list", on_delete=models.CASCADE,
                              null=True, blank=True)

    create_datetime = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name="创建时间", auto_now_add=True)

    # 针对根评论
    descendant_update_datetime = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name="后代更新时间", auto_now_add=True)

# 3. 案例讲解

# 3.1 环境准备

基于django创建项目，例如：dig

安装必备模块

django-filter==2.4.0
django-redis==5.0.0
djangorestframework==3.12.4

创建app，例如：api

注册app

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'rest_framework',
    'django_filters',
    'api.apps.ApiConfig'
]

拷贝表结构到 models.py 并 生成数据库

# 3.2 接口开发

https://gitee.com/nining1314/dig.git (opens new window)

← 第七模块 DRF (下)